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A computational paradigm for dynamic logic gates in neuronal activity
Amir Goldental [1] , Shoshana Guberman [1,2] , Roni Vardi [2] , Ido Kanter [1,2]
[1] Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel.
[2] The Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Gonda Interdisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel.
In 1943 McCulloch and Pitts suggested that the brain is composed of reliable logic-gates similar to the logic at the core of today's computers. This framework had a limited impact on neuroscience, since neurons exhibit far richer dynamics. We propose a new experimentally corroborated paradigm in which the truth tables of the brain's logic-gates depend on the history of their activity and the stimulation frequencies of their input neurons, named as dynamic logic-gates (DLGs). We demonstrate that the underlying biological mechanism is the unavoidable increase of neuronal response latencies to ongoing stimulations, which imposes a non-uniform gradual stretching of network delays. The experimental results are confirmed and extended by simulations on neuronal populations and theoretical arguments based on identical neurons with a fixed increase of the neuronal response latency per evoked spike. We anticipate our results to lead to better understanding of the suitability of this computational paradigm to account for the brain's functionalities and will require the development of new systematic mathematical methods beyond the methods developed for traditional Boolean algebra.