Optical conductivity of granular aluminum films near the metal to insulator transition: evidence for a BCS-BEC crossover


  Aviv Glezer Moshe [1,2]  ,  Eli Farber [2]  ,  Guy Deutscher [1]  
[1] Tel Aviv University
[2] Ariel University

We studied granular aluminum thin films by means of transport and THz spectroscopy, which allow us to determine the superconducting critical temperature Tc, energy gap Δ(0) and superfluid stiffness J(0). As the grains progressively decouple, the coupling ratio 2Δ(0)/kBTc is found to increase above the BCS weak coupling ratio 3.53, which is shown to be in the BCS-BEC crossover region for the high resistivity samples. Surprisingly, the Mattis-Bardeen (MB) formalism describes remarkably well the behavior of the optical conductivity σ1,s /σ1,n for all samples up to very high normal state resistivities.