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Probing stimulated Brillouin scattering in an optical fiber using noise-correlation radar
David Mermelstien , Moran Biton , Shmuel Sternklar , Er'el Granot
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ariel University Center of Samaria, Ariel, Israel
Noise radar was first suggested many years ago, but rarely used in the optical regime. It is based on the idea that the cross-correlation between the irradiating noise source and the delayed return signal will peak at a time delay corresponding to the round-trip time to the target. We show for the first time that this technique can be useful for investigating distributed noisy optical processes such as stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in an optical fiber. It reveals that backward and forward-going noise signals are correlated above the SBS threshold, and as expected the source of the noise is a localized region at the pump entrance to the fiber. However, a surprising effect emerges: the cross-correlation of the counterpropogating noise signals does not increase monotonically with power as expected, but rather shows a significant de-correlation for pump powers above 4 to 6 times the SBS threshold power. This effect may be a result of chaotic phonon behaviour or other types of uncorrelated phonon noise along the fiber for the higher pump power regime. The source of this de-correlation is still under investigation.