The Stiffnessometer: a magnetic-field free superconducting stiffness meter and its application to the cuprates


  Itzik Kapon  ,  Amit Keren  ,  Zaher Salman  
Technion

We developed a new method to measure superconducting stiffness ρs and critical current density Js without subjecting the sample to a magnetic field or attaching leads [1]. The method is based on the London equation J=-ρsA , where J  is the current density and A is the vector potential. Using a rotor free A and measuring J via the magnetic moment of a superconducting ring, we determine ρs. By increasing J until the London equation does not hold anymore, we determine Jc. The technique is sensitive to very small stiffness, which translates to penetration depth on the order of 1 mm. Naturally, the method does not suffer from demagnetization factor complications or the presence of vortices. Therefore, the absolute value of the stiffness can be determined. We apply this method to La2-xSrxCuO4 and compare with Low Energy μSR (LEM) of the same sample. We show that the Stiffnessometer can measure stiffness where LEM, and in fact all other techniques, fail. This leads to new conclusions on the cuprates phase transition.