A UV glimpse at wind supernovae


  Maayane Soumagnac  ,  Eran Ofek [1]  ,  Avishay Gal-Yam [1]  ,  Nora Linn Strotjohann [2]  
[1] Weizmann institute of Science
[2] Desy Zeuthen, 15738 Zeuthen, Germany

 

Wind supernovae - also called “type IIn” supernovae - are supernovae whose spectrum shows bright and narrow Balmer emission lines. Rather than a signature of the explosion itself, this spectral specificity is believed to result from the interaction between the fast ejecta and a dense, Hydrogen-rich, circumstellar medium which surrounded the star in the months and years prior to its explosive death.

In the last decade, the physical picture governing type IIn supernovae explosions and the wider family of “interacting supernovae” - supernovae whose radiation can be partially or completely accounted for by the ejecta crashing into a dense surrounding medium – has aroused a lot of interest. Studying these objects provides a unique insight into the latest stages of stellar evolution and the explosion initial conditions. Interacting supernovae also act as a probe of the stellar environment, providing a unique opportunity to learn about the mass and history of the circumstellar medium surrounding massive stars shortly before their death. The major questions that remain unsolved may soon be unveiled by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), a new time-domain survey based at the Palomar Observatory which had its first light on November, the 14th and in which the Weizmann Institute Astrophysics group is actively involved.

In this talk, we give a short overview of the field of interacting Supernovae and present recent results of our work on the supernova PTF12glz (Soumagnac, Gal-Yam, Ofek & Linn Strotjohann, in preparation).  PTF12glz is one of the six supernovae discovered during a joint campaign by GALEX and the Palomar Transient Factory and one of the few type IIn supernovae with known UV data. We explain how these results may question our standard picture of type IIn explosions and how ZTF will dramatically change the study of supernovae, including interacting supernovae.