The Cosmic Infrared Background (CIB) traces star-forming galaxies whose starlight has been scattered by the intergalactic medium into the infrared. It is therefore an excellent probe of galaxy formation and the large-scale structure of the Universe. Furthermore, CIB observations probe a large volume of the Universe and are thus sensitive to the largest scales and hence the large scale perturbations whose statistical properties are dictated by inflation. Most importantly they mostly only grow self-similarly under the influence of gravity . They are, conclusively, an excellent tests of early Universe physics.

In this talk I will describe the basic concepts to describe the statistical properties of the CIB in terms of a halo model approach and show its sensitivity to cosmological parameters in the presence of foregrounds such as galactic dust. I will highlight the influence of inflationary scenarios on the statistics of the CIB on very large scales. Finally, I will close with an outlook on how foregrounds can be removed to increase the CIB's signal strength.