The influence of planar defects and the incorporation of Na on the photo-transport properties of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films


  Doron Azulay [1,2]  ,  Helena Stange [3,4]  ,  Daniel Abou-Ras [3]  ,  Roland Mainz [3]  ,  Isaac Balberg [1]  ,  Oded Millo [1]  
[1] Racah Institute of Physics, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
[2] Azrieli, Jerusalem College of Engineering
[3] Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fϋr Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
[4] Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften, Berlin, Germany.

Structural defects in thin film solar-cell absorbers may create in-gap states that act as recombination centers for the photogenerated carriers and enhance their recombination rate. This will affect the photo-transport properties of the films and consequently the performance of the corresponding solar cells. Therefore, a controlled deposition process that is able to diminish some of the structural defects is of high interest. In this presentation we will discuss the influence of the deposition procedure on the annihilation of planar defects in the film and their influence on its photo-transport properties. In particular, we applied temperature-dependent and intensity-dependent photoconductivity measurements to study the photo-transport properties of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 films that were deposited by co-evaporation process at low temperature (<450 Co). We find that (under these conditions) there is a strong annihilation of planar defects during an intermediate Cu-rich stage of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film absorbers. Our experimental results and their interpretation via Shockley-Read-Hall model calculations indicate a correlation between the presence of planar defects and the formation of a shallow recombination level. They also suggest that Na eliminates deep recombination centers and thus increases the lifetime of photo-generated charge carriers, an effect that is beneficial for enhancing the solar-cell performance.